Bereishis Rabbah (14:09) The soul fills the body, and when man sleeps it ascends and draws life for him from above
Chagigah (12b) Yet the soul of my lord shall be bound up in the bundle of life with the Lord thy God. The spirits and the souls which are yet to be born, for it is written: For the spirit that enwrappeth itself is from Me, and the souls which I have made. And the dew wherewith G-d will hereafter revive the dead, for it is written: A bounteous rain didst Thou pour down, O God; when Thine inheritance was weary, Thou didst confirm it There too are the Ofanim and the Seraphim, and the Holy Living Creatures, and the Ministering Angels, and the Throne of God; and the King, the Living God, high and exalted, dwells over them in Araboth, for it is said: Extol Him that rideth upon Araboth whose name is the Lord. And whence do we derive that Araboth is called heaven? From the word riding, which occurs in two Biblical passages. Here it is written: Extol Him that rideth upon Araboth. And elsewhere it is written: Who rideth upon the heaven as thy help.
Menachos (99b) The Torah was given in forty days and the soul is formed in forty days: whosoever keeps the Torah his soul is kept, and whosoever does not keep the Torah his soul is not kept. A Tanna of the School of R. Ishmael taught: It is like the case of a man who entrusted a swallow to the care of his servant and said to him, ‘Do you think that if you suffer it to perish I will take from you an issar for its value? No, I will take your soul from you.
Nidah (30b) Every tongue shall swear refers to the day of birth of which it is said, He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart, who hath not taken My name in vain, and hath not sworn deceitfully. What is the nature of the oath that it is made to take? Be righteous, and be never wicked; and even if all the world tells you, You are righteous, consider yourself wicked. Always bear in mind that G-d is pure, that his ministers are pure and that the soul which He gave you is pure; if you preserve it in purity, well and good, but if not, I will take it away from you
Nidah (31a) There are three partners in man, G-d, his father and his mother. His father supplies the semen of the white substance out of which are formed the child's bones, sinews, nails, the brain in his head and the white in his eye; his mother supplies the semen of the red substance out of which is formed his skin, flesh, hair, blood and the black of his eye; and G-d gives him the spirit and the breath, beauty of features, eyesight, the power of hearing and the ability to speak and to walk, understanding and discernment. When his time to depart from the world approaches G-d takes away his share and leaves the shares of his father and his mother with them
Sanhedrin (091a) Antoninus said to Rabbi: The body and the soul can both free themselves from judgment. Thus, the body can plead: The soul has sinned, the proof being that from the day it left me I lie like a dumb stone in the grave powerless to do aught. Whilst the soul can say: The body has sinned, the proof being that from the day I departed from it I fly about in the air like a bird and commit no sin.’ He replied, ‘I will tell thee a parable. To what may this be compared? To a human king who owned a beautiful orchard which contained splendid figs. Now, he appointed two watchmen therein, one lame and the other blind. One day the lame man said to the blind, "I see beautiful figs in the orchard. Come and take me upon thy shoulder, that we may procure and eat them." So the lame bestrode the blind, procured and ate them. Some time after, the owner of the orchard came and inquired of them, "Where are those beautiful figs?" The lame man replied, "Have I then feet to walk with?" The blind man replied, "Have I then eyes to see with?" What did he do? He placed the lame upon the blind and judged them together. So will G-d bring the soul, replace it in the body, and judge them together, as it is written, He shall call to the heavens from above, and to the earth, that he may judge his people: He shall call to the heavens from above-this refers to the soul; and to the earth, that he may judge his people-to the body.
Sanhedrin (91b) Antoninus also said to Rabbi, ‘When is the soul placed in man; as soon as it is decreed that the sperm shall be male or female, etc., or when the embryo is actually formed? He replied, From the moment of formation. He objected: Can a piece of meat be unsalted for three days without becoming putrid? But it must be from the moment that God decrees its destiny. Rabbi said: This thing Antoninus taught me, and Scripture supports him, for it is written, And thy decree hath preserved my spirit .
Sanhedrin (103b) The soul of one righteous man is equal to the whole world:
Shabbos (152b) And the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit return unto God who gave it: Render it back to him as He gave it to thee, in purity, so do thou return it in purity. This may be compared to a mortal king who distributed royal apparel to his servants. The wise among them folded it up and laid it away in a chest, whereas the fools among them went and did their work in them. After a time the king demanded his garments: the wise among them returned them to him immaculate, but the fools among them returned them soiled. The king was pleased with the wise but angry with the fools. Of the wise he said, Let my robes be placed in my treasury and they can go home in peace; while of the fools he said, Let my robes be given to the fuller, and let them be confined in prison.
Tanis (22b) An individual may not afflict himself by fasting lest thereby he come to need the help of his fellow men and it may be that they will not have mercy upon him. Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: R. Jose's reason is because It is written, And became a living soul; Scripture thereby implies, God says, Keep alive the soul which I gave you.
Yoma (20b) There are three voices going from one end of the world to the other: The sound of the revolution of the sun; the sound of the tumult of Rome, and the sound of the soul as it leaves the body. Some say also the sound of childbirth
Yevamos (62a) If a man had children and they died, he has fulfilled, said R. Huna, the duty of propagation. R. Johanan said: He has not fulfilled it. R. Huna said: He fulfilled’ because he follows the tradition of R. Assi. For R. Assi stated: The Son of David will not come before all the souls in Guf will have been disposed of, since it is said, For the spirit that unwrappeth itself is from Me etc.
Zohar (Bereishis 012b) It behoves a man to labour in the study of the Torah, to strive to make progress in it daily, so as thereby to fortify his soul and his spirit: for when a man occupies himself in the study of the Torah, he becomes endowed with an additional and holy soul, as it is written: “the movement of living creatures”, that is, a soul derived from the holy centre called “living”. Not so is it with the man who does not occupy himself with the study of the Torah: such a man has no holy soul, and the heavenly holiness does not rest upon him. But when a man earnestly studies the Torah, then the motion of his lips wins for him that “living soul” and he becomes as one of the holy angels, as it is written: Bless the Lord, ye angels of his, to wit, those who occupy themselves in the study of the Torah, and who are therefore called His angels on earth.
Berachos (43b) Whence do we learn that a blessing should be said over sweet odours? Because it says, Let every soul praise the Lord What is that which gives enjoyment to the soul and not to the body? You must say that this is fragrant smell.
Beitzah (16b) On the eve of the Sabbath G-d gives to man an enlarged soul and at the close of the Sabbath He withdraws it from him, for it says: He ceased from work and rested: once the Sabbath has ceased woe that the additional soul is lost!
Rosh HaShanna (17a) Wrongdoers of Israel who sin with their body and wrongdoers of the Gentiles who sin with their body go down to Gehinnom and are punished there for twelve months. After twelve months their body is consumed and their soul is burnt and the wind scatters them under the soles of the feet of the righteous as it says, And ye shall tread down the wicked, and they shall be as ashes under the soles of your feet. But as for the minim and the informers and the scoffers, who rejected the Torah and denied the resurrection of the dead, and those who abandoned the ways of the community, and those who spread their terror in the land of the living, and who sinned and made the masses sin, like Jeroboam the son of Nebat and his fellows these will go down to Gehinnom and be punished there for all generations, as it says, And they shall go forth and look upon the carcasses of the men that have rebelled against me etc. Gehinnom will be consumed but they will not be consumed, as it says, and their form shall wear away the nether world. Why all this? Because they laid hands on the habitation, as it says, that there be no habitation for Him, and habitation signifies the Temple, as it says, I have surely built thee a house of habitation. Of them Hannah said, They that strive with the Lord shall be broken to pieces. R. Isaac b. Abin said: And their faces shall be black like the sides of a pot. Raba added: Among them are the most handsome of the inhabitants of Mahuza, and they shall be called sons of Gehinnom.
