‘Hakirah’ Explores Chassidic Origin of Hashgacha Pratis

 https://anash.org/hakirah-explores-chassidic-origin-of-hashgacha-pratis

Virtually all of contemporary Orthodox Jewry believes that hashgacḥa pratis affects the entirety of Creation and every occurrence including the most minor details, and this belief is manifest in their daily lives. Yet Orthodox Jews are generally not aware that this doctrine, so common today, only became dominant starting in the eighteenth century, nor are they familiar with its rather complex history since that time.

Moreh Nevuchim (3:17-18) “I do not believe that a leaf falls as a result of Divine Providence, not that this spider devours this specific fly as a result of Divine Decree...I do not believe that...when a fish snatches a specific worm floating on a river that such was the will of G-d. Rather this was all through absolute chance, as Aristotle contends

Moreh Nevuchim (3:17-18) : 1)      The first view is the claim of some people that there is no Divine Providence at all regarding anything in existence, and everything...is merely the result of chance...this is pure heresy (or alternately the view of Epicurus).2)      The second is the view that over some things there is Divine Providence... but other things are left to chance. This is the view of Aristotle. 3)      The third view...is that nothing in existence is the result of chance, not specific individuals nor general groups...This is the view held by the Muslim school known as Asharites. 4)      The forth view is...that all divine acts are a result of Divine Wisdom which can bear no injustice (even in regard to animals and inanimate objects). This is the (Muslim) school of Mu’tzalites[, where a guiltless mouse that is devoured by a cat will be compensated in Heaven.5)      The fifth view is the Torah view that...man is completely in control of his actions...and everything that occurs to man is fitting to occur as a result of Divine Providence.

Shomer Emunim (2:81) “Nothing occurs by accident, without intention and Divine Providence. This is learned out from the verse; ‘And I will walk with you in chance (be’keri).’ From this we see that even the state of apparent ‘chance’ is actually Providence. “But that does not apply to the non-human species...whether this ant will be trodden upon or saved. There is no special Providence for animals and certainly not for plants and minerals, as they are governed by species and not individuals. Whatever occurs to individual animals, plants and objects is purely by chance, and not by Divine Decree – unless it is ultimately connected to humankind