Bereishis Rabbah (14:09) The soul has five names: nefesh, neshamah, hayyah, ruah, yehidah. Nefesh is the blood: For the blood is the nefesh . Ruah: this is so called because it ascends and descends: thus it is written, Who knoweth the ruah of man whether it goeth upwards, and the ruah of the beast whether it goeth downward to the earth Neshamah is the breath; as people say, His breathing is good. Hayyah: because all the limbs are mortal, whereas this is immortal in the body Yehidah (unique): because all the limbs are duplicated, whereas this is unique in the body.
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