Rabbeinu
Bachya (Bamidbar 33:1) ראשית חכמה קנה
חכמה ובכל קניניך קנה בינה, “The beginning of wisdom is: ‘acquire wisdom!’ With all your
acquisitions acquire insight.” (Proverbs 4,7) In this verse Solomon taught the people
that the first kind of wisdom they are to acquire is the wisdom dispensed by
the Torah. This is the meaning of ראשית חכמה in the verse we quoted. Once a person has
acquired this wisdom he also needs to acquire insight, discernment, in order
for him to understand the connection between different phenomena. Wisdom is
always totally incomplete unless accompanied by a measure of such ability to
discern relationships. Seeing that the attribute (or emanation) בינה insight,
discernment, is so crucial, Solomon advises a person to spend his entire
fortune in his search to acquire בינה. The words: “with all your acquisitions acquire insight,” mean
that “even if you have to spend all your money in order to acquire this
attribute, do so, for true wealth is בינה, not money.” Wisdom is also portrayed as
shouting (to its owner) (Proverbs 8,18) “riches and honor belong to me,
enduring wealth and success.Solomon was forced to inform us here that the first
and foremost requirement for his נפש, personality, is the acquisition of Torah knowledge before
learning any other disciplines. If he were to acquire other kinds of knowledge
first, these are apt to turn his heart away from true wisdom and implant in his
mind worthless ideas. However, if a person studies Torah first and makes it the
mainstay of his outlook in life he is then permitted to study other
disciplines, sciences, etc., seeing that if he has built a sound base of Torah
knowledge for himself he is not liable to be corrupted by the philosophically
negative elements which are part of other disciplines. Torah knowledge will
always remain “floating” on top just as does purified silver..... All other wisdom contains
elements comparable to dross, impurities, which have a tendency to invalidate
that wisdom. Our Torah, by contrast, will not lead man to sustain losses either
in money or through misleading him philosophically.
When Solomon demands that
Torah must be the first subject studied, he means that unless one learns about
the meaning and purpose of miracles one may fall victim to the theory that
nature preceded the Lawgiver chronologically, that the universe was not created
by Hashem. The reason that in Hebrew nature is known as טבע is that if one delves into the study of
nature before having studied Torah such study is liable to swallow a person, he
will “sink into a morass,” just as people who are drowned by the sea, טובעו, were drowned,
because they had not learned to swim first A person who has studied Torah and
early Jewish history summarized in the Torah knows that in addition to “nature”
and natural laws, the Creator Who is totally free has demonstrated on many
occasions that He is the master of what we call “laws of nature” by temporarily
suspending these so-called eternal laws and thus demonstrating that it must
have been He who had created and formulated them in the first place. Scientists,
i.e. people who study nature, believe only the evidence of their eyes. When
they read about the miracles which the Torah records they assume that the
desert through which the Israelites marched must have been a very benign strip
of land, capable of producing crops, etc., etc. They totally deny what the
Torah describes as “this great and terrible wilderness inhabited by fierce
serpents, etc., etc., through which the Lord your G’d has led you” (Deut.
8,15). The point made by the Torah is precisely hat the deserts through which
the Israelites marched was even more hostile to human habitat than regular
deserts. This is why the Torah stresses beyond doubt “it was not a place where
one could sow or expect to plant fruit-bearing trees such as figs,
pomegranates, etc.” There were no wells.